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Understanding the menstrual cycle
A cycle runs from the first day of one period to the first day of the next. For most adults it lasts somewhere between 21 and 35 days.

Period length and cycle variation
Some variation is common. A difference of more than about 7–9 days between cycles is worth tracking and discussing.

Late or missed periods
A late period can have many causes. If there is any chance of pregnancy, a home pregnancy test is a sensible first step.

Menstrual cramps
Cramps are common, but pain that stops you from daily activities is not something you have to accept.

Heavy bleeding
Heavy bleeding affects many women and is treatable. Soaking a pad every hour for several hours needs urgent attention.

Spotting between periods
Light spotting can happen for harmless reasons, but repeated bleeding between periods should be checked.

PMS and common symptoms
Mood changes, bloating and tiredness before a period are common. Tracking helps you see your own pattern.

PCOS basics
Polycystic ovary syndrome is common. It can only be diagnosed by a qualified clinician — no checklist can confirm it.

Preparing for a gynecologist appointment
Bringing your recorded dates and symptoms helps make a short appointment more useful.

Period tracking and personal health records
Tracking is a record of what happened — useful for conversations with a doctor, not a diagnosis or contraception.